What is God?
God is a Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth.
Proofs
- God is a Spirit, (John 4:24)
- infinite, (Job 11:7-9)
- eternal, (Psalm 90:2)
- and unchangeable (James 1:17)
- in his being, (Exodus 3:14)
- wisdom, (Psalm 147:5)
- power, (Revelation 4:8)
- holiness, (Revelation 15:4)
- justice, goodness, and truth. (Exodus 34:6)
Additional Exposition
Section 1
Is God a Spirit?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: God is a Spirit, (John 4:24)
Is he incorporeal and invisible?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Ye have not heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape, (John 5:37)
Is he a perfect spirit?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is light, and in him is no darkness, (1 John 1:5)
Is he an active spirit?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: My Father worketh hitherto, (John 5:17)
Is he a self-sufficient and independent spirit?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: His name is I am that I am (Exodus 3:14)
Is he an immortal spirit?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Who only hath immortality, (1 Timothy 6:16)
Is he above all other spirits?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is the Father of spirits, (Hebrews 12:9)
Section 2
Can we then form any adequate conception of the divine Being?
Answer: No.
Proof: What likeness can you compare unto him, (Isaiah 40:18)
Are the organs of sense improperly ascribed unto him?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Hast thou eyes of flesh or seest thou as man seeth, (Job 10:4)
Can he be gratified with carnal things?
Answer: No.
Proof: I will take no bullock out of thy house, nor he-goats out of thy fold, (Psalm 50:9)
Should he be worshipped in a spiritual manner?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Whom I serve with my spirit, (Romans 1:9)
May we expect spiritual blessings from him?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings, (Ephesians 1:3)
And is he the only suitable portion for our spirits?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The Lord is my portion saith my soul, (Lamentations 3:24)
Section 3
Is God infinite and omnipresent?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Whither shall I flee from thy presence, (Psalm 139:7)
Is he in heaven?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: If I ascend up into heaven thou art there, (Psalm 139:8)
But is he confined to heaven?
Answer: No.
Proof: The heaven of heavens cannot contain thee, (2 Chronicles 2:6)
Is his essence diffused through the whole universe of things?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is above all and through all and in all, (Ephesians 4:6)
Is he then near to every one of us?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is not far from every one of us, (Acts 17:27)
Should this be a support to the saints under their burden?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Be strong for I am with you, saith the Lord, (Haggai 2:4)
And a spur to holy actions?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Walk before me, and be thou perfect, (Genesis 17:1)
Section 4
Is God eternal?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The eternal God is thy refuge, (Deuteronomy 33:27)
Was he from everlasting?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Art thou not from everlasting, O Lord my God, (Habakkuk 1:12)
Will he be to everlasting?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: From everlasting to everlasting thou art God, (Psalm 90:2)
Is he only eternal?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: I am the first, and I am the last, and besides me there is no God, (Isaiah 44:6)
Should he therefore be feared?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is the living God, and an everlasting King, at his wrath the earth shall tremble, (Jeremiah 10:10)
And be trusted?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Trust ye in the Lord for ever, for in the Lord Jehovah is everlasting strength, (Isaiah 26:4)
Is this perfection of God humbling to man?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Where wast thou when I laid the foundation of the earth, (Job 38:4)
And glorious to himself?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Now to the King eternal, immortal, invisible, be honour and glory for ever and ever, (1 Timothy 1:17)
Section 5
Is God unchangeable?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Thou art the same, (Psalm 102:27)
Is he absolutely so?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: With him there is no shadow of turning, (James 1:17)
Is he so in his own nature and perfections?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: I am the Lord, I change not, (Malachi 3:6)
And in his will?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: His Counsel shall stand, (Isaiah 46:10)
And in his love?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: I have loved thee with an everlasting love, (Jeremiah 31:3)
And in his special favours?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The gifts and calling of God are without repentance, (Romans 11:29)
May not God change through some unforeseen accident?
Answer: No.
Proof: For known unto God are all his works from the beginning of the world, (Acts 15:18)
Or through want of power to effect what he has determined?
Answer: No.
Proof: For he is the Almighty God, (Genesis 17:1)
Is it well for us that God is unchangeable?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Therefore the sons of Jacob are not consumed, (Malachi 3:6)
Section 6
Is God wise?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Counsel is mine and sound wisdom, (Proverbs 8:14)
Doth his wisdom appear in creation and providence?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working, (Isaiah 28:29)
And in redemption?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Herein he hath abounded towards us in all wisdom and prudence, (Ephesians 1:8)
Is he infinitely wise?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: His understanding is infinite, (Psalm 147:5)
Is he originally so?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: With whom took he counsel, and who instructed him, (Isaiah 40:14)
Is he perfectly so?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The foolishness of God is wiser than man, (1 Corinthians 1:25)
And is he incomprehensibly so?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: O the depth of the riches, both of the wisdom and knowledge of God, (Romans 11:33)
Is there any counterworking his wisdom?
Answer: No.
Proof: There is no wisdom, nor understanding, nor counsel, against the Lord, (Proverbs 21:30)
Doth all wisdom proceed from him?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He giveth wisdom unto the wise, (Daniel 2:21)
Should we therefore seek it at his hands?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: If any man lack wisdom, let him ask it of God, (James 1:5)
Section 7
Is God powerful?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Power belongeth unto God, (Psalm 62:11)
Can he do all things?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Is there any thing too hard for me, (Jeremiah 32:27)
Can he do all things with the greatest ease?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He taketh up the isles as a very little thing, (Isaiah 40:15)
Can he do all things in the most perfect manner?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is a rock, his work is perfect, (Deuteronomy 32:4)
Is God’s power necessary to give a sanction to his laws?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: There is one Lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy, (James 4:12)
Is it irresistible?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: None can stay his hand, (Daniel 4:35)
Is it subject to decay?
Answer: No.
Proof: The Lord’s hand is not shortened, that it cannot save, (Isaiah 59:1)
Does it extend to evil spirits and wicked men?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The deceiver and deceived are his, (Job 12:16)
Is it then a great folly to sin against such a God?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy, are we stronger than he, (1 Corinthians 10:22)
Section 8
Is God holy?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is the holy one of Israel, (Isaiah 41:21)
Is he supremely holy?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: There is none holy as the Lord, (1 Samuel 2:2)
Does the holiness of God particularly appear in the work of redemption?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Zion shall be redeemed with judgment, and her converts with righteousness, (Isaiah 1:27)
Have the heathens by the light of nature acknowledged the holiness of God?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: I know that the spirit of the holy Gods is in thee, (Daniel 4:9)
And do spirits above make it the matter of their praise?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: They continually say, Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, (Revelation 4:8)
And should we imitate them herein?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Bless his holy name, (Psalm 103:1)
Section 9
Is God just?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The Lord is righteous, (Psalm 129:4)
Is he absolutely and perfectly so?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid, (Romans 9:14)
Is he just in inflicting temporal judgments?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: O Lord, righteousness belongeth unto thee, but unto us confusion of face, (Daniel 9:7)
And eternal vengeance?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Is God unrighteous, who taketh vengeance, (Romans 3:5)
Does the justice of God eminently appear in the undertaking and sufferings of Christ?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood to declare his righteousness, (Romans 3:25)
Should we then acknowledge the justice of God?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Howbeit thou art just, (Nehemiah 9:33)
And seek to avoid the direful effects of it?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Escape for thy life, lest thou be consumed, (Genesis 19:17)
Section 10
Is God good?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Thou, Lord, art good, (Psalm 86:5)
May his goodness excite our wonder?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: How great is his goodness, (Zechariah 9:17)
And should it excite our gratitude?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: O give thanks unto the Lord, for he is good, (Psalm 106:1)
Is God universally good?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He is good to all, (Psalm 145:9)
Is he good to sinners?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: He sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust, (Matthew 5:45)
Is he in an especial manner good to his own people?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: That I may see the good of thy chosen, (Psalm 106:5)
Doth God take the contempt of his goodness heinously?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness, (Romans 2:4)
Section 11
Is God a God of truth?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: These things saith he that is true, (Revelation 3:7)
Is he true to his promises?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob, (Micah 7:20)
And to his threatenings?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: But my words, did not they take hold of your fathers? (Zechariah 1:6)
And to Christ?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lie unto David, (Psalm 89:35)
Is God unchangeable in his truth?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: The truth of the Lord endureth for ever, (Exodus 7:2)
Should we therefore believe God?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: We should judge him faithful who hath promised, (Hebrews 11:11)
And that rather than man?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: Let God be true, but every man a liar, (Romans 3:4)
But though we believe not, does God continue faithful?
Answer: Yes.
Proof: For what if some did not believe, shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect? (Romans 3:3)